Quorum achievable via single-entity flash loan
A governance & admin factor in the v1.7.0 rubric. Measured per protocol on a s cadence.
Methodology how we score #
**What this measures** This factor evaluates whether the total quorum required for a governance vote is achievable by a single entity using a flash loan in the governance token. The assessment compares the governance quorum threshold (in token units) against the maximum single-transaction borrowable depth in the governance token across all major flash loan venues (Aave, Uniswap, Balancer) at the reference block. If the largest flash-loanable notional exceeds the quorum threshold, the flash-loan attack is theoretically viable from a capital standpoint.
**Why it matters** Even when voting power requires a balance snapshot rather than a spot balance (which is assessed under RD-F-036), quorum achievability via flash loan identifies a second-order risk: a protocol where quorum is denominated in a token that is deeply liquidity-pooled may face governance attacks that are cheap enough to be economically viable for a well-capitalized attacker. This factor is subordinate to RD-F-036 — it is most relevant for protocols that use snapshotted voting but have a quorum threshold that is very low relative to flash loan depth.
**Green / Yellow / Red** Green is assigned when the quorum threshold exceeds the maximum flash-loanable notional in the governance token by at least 5x, or when the governance token is not flash-loanable on any major venue. Yellow covers cases where the threshold is 2–5x the maximum flash loan depth. Red is assigned when the quorum threshold is achievable or nearly achievable (within 120% of) via a single flash loan transaction.
**Common gray cases** This factor is grayed when the governance token is not listed on any venue offering flash loans, or when quorum is denominated in a non-transferable token (vote-locked positions, time-weighted balances).
**Notable historical examples** No cross-hacked incidents currently linked in database for this factor.
Measurement what to look for #
Determine whether the governance quorum threshold is ≤ the largest available flash-loan notional in the governance token at reference DEX depth.